Viksit Bharat ka ek strong engine banne wala hai manufacturing sector. Aur jab baat Viksit Bharat ki hoti hai, to ek strong pillar hoti hain nari shakti (women). Lekin ek badi dikkat ye hai ki aaj bhi factory floors par mahilayein kam nazar aati hain.

Women’s Participation in Formal Manufacturing Sector Ghat Rahi Hai

2015-16 mein jahan formal manufacturing sector mein women ki participation 20.9% thi, wahi 2022-23 mein ye ghat kar sirf 18.9% reh gayi hai. Ye numbers kehte hain ki 8.34 million formal workers mein sirf 1.57 million women hain.

Sabse zyada hairani ki baat to ye hai ki Tamil Nadu alone employs 41% of all women working in formal manufacturing. Baki ke States mein women ki presence kaafi kam hai.

Informal Manufacturing Sector Mein Women Ka Share 43% Hai

To aisa nahi hai ki women kaam nahi kar rahi hain — woh kaam kar rahi hain, lekin informal sector mein, jahan pay kam hota hai aur job security bhi nahi hoti. Women ko “achhi naukriyaan” nahi mil pa rahi hain, aur isse clear hota hai ki job market mein ek gender imbalance hai.

India Ka Manufacturing Sector: GDP Ka 1/5th, Par Women Ka Low Participation

Manufacturing sector, jo ki India ke GDP ka lagbhag 20% contribute karta hai, ab growth ka engine ban raha hai. Lekin women ka ismein participation abhi bhi kaafi low hai, especially jab hum Bangladesh aur Vietnam jaise developing deshon se compare karte hain.

5 States Mein Concentrated Hai Formal Women Workforce

Tamil Nadu ke alawa, sirf 4 aur States milkar India ke formal women manufacturing workforce ka three-quarters hold karti hain. Informal sector mein bhi West Bengal, UP, Maharashtra, aur Tamil Nadu milkar 50% women workforce ko represent karti hain.

Kuch States Mein Bahut Badi Gender Gap Hai

Bihar, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, aur Haryana jaise States mein gender gap sabse zyada hai — yahaan women ka share 6% se bhi kam hai formal manufacturing mein. Gujarat, Maharashtra aur UP jaise industrially developed States mein bhi women ka representation 15% se neeche hai.

Textile Aur Tobacco Industries Mein Women Ki Sankhya Zyada

Formal sector mein 60% women textile, apparel aur food processing industries mein kaam karti hain. Informal sector mein tobacco aur apparel dominate karte hain — tobacco industry mein to 90% workers women hi hain.

Women Ko Informal Se Formal Sector Mein Shift Karna Zaroori Hai

Informal sector not only pays less but also offers poor work standards. Agar women ko better salary aur safe environment dena hai, to unka transition formal jobs mein hona bahut important hai.

Women Workforce Ko Empower Karne Ke 4 Key Steps

1. Skill Training & Upskilling: Aaj sirf 6% women ke paas hi formal training hai. Skill development se unka participation aur productivity dono badhega.
2. Higher Education: Sirf 30% women ne secondary ya higher education complete ki hai, jabki men mein ye number 47% hai. Education se better job chances milenge.
3. Sectoral Diversification: Women ko sirf textile ya tobacco tak limited na rakhkar, naye industries mein bhi include karna hoga.
4. Safe Work Environment: Tamil Nadu ka ‘Thozhi’ scheme ek example hai, jahan working women ke liye hostels banaye gaye. Aise models har State ko apne needs ke hisaab se banana honge.